作者：顾明 Hopeland Legal 刑事辩护与商业辩护 （原创）
我在澳洲生活工作多年，在银行界工作多年后，然后在昆士兰警察署工作了七年，期间约有五年担任警方检察官（亦名指控官）。澳洲是一个事无巨细都有法律、规则存在的地方，构在了指引人们行为的方方面面的路标。这些规范大致可分为两方面，一是不能做的事，逾越后会有处罚。一是应该怎样做的事，比如指引。澳洲有一个非常重要的机制就是投诉机制，所谓投诉，即包括犯罪方面的，也包括民事，比如歧视及不端行为等。当投诉方，发现了违规行为，就可以进行投诉。澳洲可以承接投诉的单位，非常多，比如警方，税务局，廉政公署，反歧视专员署等等，还包括各个单位的内部调查部门。严格意义上来讲，对警方的报案，其实就是一种投诉。
作为承接投诉的部门，最重要的职责就是收集证据，然后，根据证据的力度，以及公共利益的综合考量，决定是否是起诉。值得注意的就是，投诉及调查本身，并不意外着犯罪，因为在法律方面，有着著名的无罪推定，也就是说未经审判，任何人都是无罪。换言之，只有法庭可以定罪。在证据的采用上，有证据法控制所有的细节，对证据的相关性以及可采用性，有着非常复杂的规定，以在个人受到公平审判以及社会公共利益间取得一个平衡。举一个极端的例子，就是违法取得的证据，通常会被法庭排除，不是因为证据本身有问题，而是因为其取得的手段违背社会的公共利益，因此必须排除，不可以被法庭采纳。而对排除证据的一系列主张，取决于两个条件，第一，当事人必须要提出抗辩，因为只有通过抗辩才会进入听证环节。第二，当事方必须具有专业的证据法知识及丰富的法庭经验，才能有效地质疑并检验证据。由此可见，寻求专业刑法律师的法律援助，实在是保护当事方合法权益的必要条件。
Hopeland Legal 原创 网址：https://hopelandlegal.com.au/news/view/6
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